[15] Seoul received over 10 million international visitors in 2014,[16][needs update] making it the world's 9th most visited city and 4th largest earner in tourism. [8] Seoul has a population of 9.7 million people, and forms the heart of the Seoul Capital Area with the surrounding Incheon metropolis and Gyeonggi province. [102] Jongno street, meaning "Bell Street", has been a principal street and one of the earliest commercial streets of the city,[103][104] on which one can find Bosingak, a pavilion containing a large bell. The traditional heart of Seoul is the old Joseon dynasty city, now the downtown area, where most palaces, government offices, corporate headquarters, hotels, and traditional markets are located. The next largest group was Chinese citizens who are not of Korean ethnicity; 29,901 of them resided in Seoul. Compulsory education lasts from grade 1–9 (six years of elementary school and 3 years of middle school). [50][51][52][53] According to the 2016 World Health Organization Global Urban Ambient Air Pollution Database,[54] the annual average PM2.5 concentration in 2014 was 24 micrograms per cubic metre (1.0×10−5 gr/cu ft), which is 2.4 times higher than that recommended by the WHO Air Quality Guidelines[55] for the annual mean PM2.5. The government of each gu handles many of the functions that are handled by city governments in other jurisdictions. Intercity bus services are available to various destinations around the country. [84] The Seoul international finance center & SIFC MALL, Hanhwa 63 building, the Hanhwa insurance company head office. The World Trade Center Seoul, located in Gangnam District, hosts various expositions and conferences. The Yongsan Electronics Market is the largest electronics market in Asia. [28] During the Joseon dynasty, the gates were opened and closed each day, accompanied by the ringing of large bells at the Bosingak belfry. The Wongudan altar was a sacrificial place where Korean rulers held heavenly rituals since the Three Kingdoms period. [111] The National Palace Museum of Korea is also located on the grounds of the Gyeongbokgung Palace. Public transit operators are facing serious financial risks … There are many Protestant churches in Seoul. List of Provincial Bus Requirements. In the 11th century Goryeo, which succeeded Unified Silla, built a summer palace in Seoul, which was referred to as the "Southern Capital". Korea World Trade Center Complex, which comprises COEX mall, congress center, 3 Inter-continental hotels, Business tower (Asem tower), Residence hotel, Casino and City airport terminal was established in 1988 in time for the Seoul Olympics. Or, ride a tricycle to Dao Bus Terminal (near Island City Mall). [117][118] 'Capital'), officially the Seoul Special City, is the capital[7] and largest metropolis of South Korea. [77] The Economist Intelligence Unit ranked Seoul 15th in the list of "Overall 2025 City Competitiveness" regarding future competitiveness of cities.[78]. The Seoul Express Bus Terminal, Central City Terminal and Seoul Nambu Terminal are located in the district of Seocho District. Being in the extreme east Asia, the climate can be described as humid subtropical with great variation in temperature and precipitation throughout the year. Due to its geography and to economic development policies, Seoul is a very polycentric city. See more information. Seoul is home to the majority of South Korea's most prestigious universities, including Seoul National University, Yonsei University, Korea University. [85] Myeongdong is a shopping and entertainment area in downtown Seoul with mid- to high-end stores, fashion boutiques and international brand outlets. In addition, Seoul hosts many embassies of countries it has diplomatic ties with. Flight Departures information from Shanghai Pudong Airport (PVG): Status and Estimated times - Today Then, go on a jeepney commute to Panglao. In this way the Roman Catholic Church has a very strong influence in Korean society. Air pollution is a major issue in Seoul. [24] After Joseon changed her name to the Korean Empire in 1897, Hwangseong also designated Seoul. Among the other largest parks in the city are Seoul Forest, Dream Forest, Children's Grand Park and Haneul Park. Hanhwa is one of the three largest South Korean insurance companies, along with Samsung Life and Gangnam & Kyobo life insurance group. The Wongaksa Pagoda 10 tier pagoda is located In Tapgol Park, a small public park with an area of 19,599 m2 (210,962 sq ft). Each gu is divided into "dong" (동; 洞) or neighbourhoods. [55] The 2nd Seoul Metropolitan Air Quality Improvement Plan (2015–2024) added PM2.5 and ozone to its list of managed pollutants. Jogyesa is the headquarters of the Jogye Order of Korean Buddhism. Seoul Olympic Park, located in Songpa District and built to host the 1988 Summer Olympics is Seoul's largest park. Both banks of the Han River have cycling paths that run all the way across the city along the river. "[33], After the annexation treaty in 1910, Japan annexed Korea and renamed the city Gyeongseong ("Kyongsong" in Korean and "Keijo" in Japanese). Major railroad stations include: Seoul is served by two international airports, Incheon International Airport and Gimpo International Airport. Incheon Bus Terminal Station (Korean: 인천터미널역; Hanja: 仁川터미널驛) is a subway station on Line 1 of the Incheon Subway located at 14 Gwangyo-dong, Nam-gu, Incheon, South Korea. Leeum, Samsung Museum of Art, is widely regarded as one of Seoul's largest private museum. Seoul was the capital of various Korean states, including Baekje, Joseon, the Korean Empire, Goryeo (as a secondary capital), and presently South Korea. Cheonggyecheon, a stream that runs nearly 6 km (4 mi) through downtown Seoul, is popular among both Seoul residents and tourists. The 2nd World trade trade center is being planned at Seoul Olympic stadium complex as MICE HUB by Seoul city. The Mugunghwa and Saemaeul trains also stop at all major stations. A inter-terminal shuttle bus is available between Terminal 2 and Terminal B. [14] Seoul has hosted the 1986 Asian Games, 1988 Summer Olympics, 2002 FIFA World Cup (with Japan), and the 2010 G-20 Seoul summit. 5G will be introduced commercially in March 2019 in Seoul. Get within 60 minutes to Taipei City. Incheon International Airport opened terminal 2 on January 18, 2018. [75] In 2008 the Worldwide Centers of Commerce Index ranked Seoul No.9. These areas are frequently sought after by people looking to escape from urban life on weekends and during vacations. The Tteok & Kitchen Utensil Museum and Kimchi Field Museum provide information regarding Korean culinary history. Seoul proper comprises 605.25 km2 (233.69 sq mi),[2] with a radius of approximately 15 km (9 mi), roughly bisected into northern and southern halves by the Han River. Very well located near COEX with plenty of dining options near the hotel and easy transit from Samseong Station to the rest of Seoul. "Changes in Seoul's Air Quality Control Policy". There are nine major subway lines stretching for more than 250 km (155 mi), with one additional line planned. Songpa has the most people, while Seocho has the largest area. The festival is arranged under the Seoul Metropolitan Government. The city was later designated the capital of Korea under the Joseon dynasty. Areas around streams serve as public places for relaxation and recreation. Seoul proper is noted for its population density, which is almost twice that of New York City and eight times greater than Rome. [24] When Joseon replaced Goryeo, the capital was moved to Seoul (also known as Hanyang or Hanseong), where it remained until the fall of the dynasty. The Olympic Stadium, Olympic Park, and Lotte World are located in Songpa District, on the south side of the Han River, upstream from Gangnam District. Seoul became the first city in East Asia to introduce electricity in the royal palace, built by the Edison Illuminating Company[30] and a decade later Seoul also implemented electrical street lights. [20] Ancient Gyeongju was also known in documents by the Chinese-style name Geumseong (金城, literally "Gold Castle or City" or "Metal Castle or City"), but it is unclear whether the native Korean-style name Seorabeol had the same meaning as Geumseong. Incheon Bus Terminal Station (Korean: 인천터미널역; Hanja: 仁川터미널驛) is a subway station on Line 1 of the Incheon Subway located at 14 Gwangyo-dong, Nam-gu, Incheon, South Korea. Flight Arrivals information at Manila Airport - NAIA (MNL): Status and Estimated times - Today By ferry — Tagbilaran ferry port is less than 10 minutes away from the airport by shuttle / taxi. North of downtown is Bukhan Mountain, and to the south is the smaller Namsan. Hi! Gyeongbokgung, the main royal palace during Joseon Dynasty. See below the available transportation options to and from Taipei Taoyuan Airport: Bus: There are several buses that link Taoyuan Airport to Taipei City and also to Taipei Main Station from both Terminal 1 and Terminal 2. Seoul is home of the major South Korean networks KBS, SBS, and MBC. It was also a focus for political dissent in the 1980s. Seoul is among the world leaders in Internet connectivity, being the capital of South Korea, which has the world's highest fibre-optic broadband penetration and highest global average internet speeds of 26.1 Mbit/s. The St. Nicholas Cathedral, but sometimes called bald church, is the only Byzantine-style church in Seoul. Gimpo International Airport opened in 1939 as an airfield for the Japanese Imperial Army and opened for civil aircraft in 1957. Secondary schools generally require students to wear uniforms. [60], Asian dust, emissions from Seoul and in general from the rest of South Korea, as well as emissions from China, all contribute to Seoul's air quality. The KAL Shuttle Bus is one of the most convenient ways of reaching the city center from Incheon International Airport but it takes about 1 hour and 30 minutes to reach Seoul. The most numerous are Presbyterian, but there are also many Methodist and Baptist churches. Winters are quite short but usually cold to freezing with average January high and low temperatures of 1.5 and −5.9 °C (34.7 and 21.4 °F), and are generally much drier than summers, with an average of 24.9 days of snow annually. Since its establishment in 1945, the museum has built a collection of 220,000 artifacts. Bukchon Hanok Village and Namsangol Hanok Village are old residential districts consisting of hanok Korean traditional houses, parks, and museums that allows visitors to experience traditional Korean culture. ... And then Manila to Seoul. Incheon International Airport is Asia's eighth busiest airport in terms of passengers, the world's fourth busiest airport by cargo traffic, and the world's eighth busiest airport in terms of international passengers in 2014. [36], According to 2012 census data, the population of the Seoul area makes up around 20% of the total population of South Korea,[37] Seoul has become the economic, political and cultural hub of the country,[24] with several Fortune Global 500 companies, including Samsung, SK Holdings, Hyundai, POSCO and LG Group headquartered there.[38]. Seoul was the host city of the 1986 Asian Games and 1988 Summer Olympics as well as one of the venues of the 2002 FIFA World Cup. [24] One estimate of the extensive damage states that after the war, at least 191,000 buildings, 55,000 houses, and 1,000 factories lay in ruins. Seoul hosted the 1986 Asian Games, also known as Asiad, 1988 Olympic Games, and Paralympic Games. [106] The palaces are considered exemplary architecture of the Joseon period. This was an 8.84% increase from the end of 2010 and a 12.85% increase from June 2010. The Seoul Museum of Art and Ilmin Museum of Art have preserved the appearance of the old building that is visually unique from the neighboring tall, modern buildings. $10 (each trip)Limo bus #6015 to & from Incheon International airport. [112][113], The War Memorial, one of nine municipal museums in Seoul, offers visitors an educational and emotional experience of various wars in which Korea was involved, including Korean War themes. Among the city's national museum, The National Museum of Korea is the most representative of museums in not only Seoul but all of South Korea. The metropolis exerts a major influence in regional affairs as one of the five leading hosts of global conferences; as of 2018 it was ranked 3rd in the world after Singapore (1st) and Brussels (2nd). Some gu have only a few dong while others like Jongno District have a very large number of distinct neighbourhoods. Since the opening of Incheon International, Gimpo International handles domestic flights along with some short haul international flights to Tokyo Haneda, Osaka Kansai, Taipei Songshan, Shanghai Hongqiao, and Beijing Capital. [21][22][23], Settlement of the Han River area, where present-day Seoul is located, began around 4000 BC. [79] Major manufacturers are headquartered in the city, including Samsung, LG, Hyundai, Kia and SK. Seoul has many historical and cultural landmarks. As with its long history, the Seoul Capital Area contains five UNESCO World Heritage Sites: Changdeok Palace, Hwaseong Fortress, Jongmyo Shrine, Namhansanseong and the Royal Tombs of the Joseon Dynasty.
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