And if the fool, or the pig, is of a different opinion, it is only because they only know their own side of the question.”, “All honor to those who can abnegate for themselves the personal enjoyment of life, when by such renunciation they contribute worthily to increase the amount of happiness in the world; but he who does it, or professes to do it, for any other purpose, is no more deserving of admiration than the ascetic mounted on his pillar.”, “It is a strange notion that the acknowledgment of a first principle is inconsistent with the admission of secondary ones. utilitarianism which R. B. Brandt has called ‘act-utilitarianism’.1 Roughly speaking, act-utilitarianism is the view that the rightness or wrongness of an action depends only on the total goodness or badness of its consequences, Mill himself fought for women's rights, against slavery, and for fair labor practices, which is consistent with his utilitarian convictions. This is so in spite of the fact that the implications of act utilitarianism are wildly at variance with firmly held moral convictions, while rule utilitarianism, the most common alternative formulation, strikes most people as … Thanks for exploring this SuperSummary Study Guide of “Utilitarianism” by John Stuart Mill. All Quotes It may, of course, seem intuitive to assume that some kind of symmetry must obtain, and to superimpose a certain interval of the real numbers onto the range of happiness and suffering we can experience — from minus ten to plus ten, say. ... Topic: Utilitarianism and Abortion. Dale Jamieson. Another problem with utilitarianism is the impracticality of calculating the utility of actions in real time. Although it is a long word, it is in common usage every day. Utilitarianism Quotes Next. and asserted the theory of utilitarianism against the popular morality of the so-called ‘sophist’ (I’m assuming here that Plato’s dialogue is based on a real conversation). “The end may justify the means as long as there is something that justifies the end.”. He gives way without reserve to his most powerful passion and the wishes it engenders.”, “If we reason that we want happiness for others, not for ourselves, then we ought justly to be suspected of failing to recognize human nature for what it is and of wishing to turn men into machines.”. This is exactly as if any one were to say that it is impossible to guide our conduct by Christianity, because there is not time, on every occasion on which anything has to be done, to read through the Old and New Testaments.”, “imputation; for if the sources of pleasure were precisely the same to human beings and to swine, the”, “Society between equals can only exist on the understanding that the interests of all are to be regarded equally.”, “All persons are deemed to have a right to equality of treatment, except when some recognized social expediency requires the reverse. 19 From a general summary to chapter summaries to explanations of famous quotes, the SparkNotes Utilitarianism Study Guide has everything you need to ace quizzes, tests, and essays. [Except on page14, ‘popular’ is used in … The feeling of justice might be a peculiar instinct, and might yet require, like our other instincts, to be controlled and enlightened by a higher reason. If we have intellectual instincts, leading us to judge in a particular way, as well as animal instincts that prompt us to act in a particular way, there is no necessity that the former should be more infallible in their sphere than the latter in theirs: it may as well happen that wrong judgments are occasionally suggested by those, as wrong actions by these. And hence all social inequalities which have ceased to be considered expedient assume the character, not of simple inexpediency, but of injustice, and appear so tyrannical that people are apt to wonder how they ever could have been tolerated - forgetful that they themselves, perhaps, tolerate other inequalities under an equally mistaken notion of expediency, the correction of which would make that which they approve seem quite as monstrous as what they have at last learned to condemn. (Offences Against One's Self,”, “That a feeling is bestowed on us by Nature, does not necessarily legitimate all its promptings. He was a pluralist, ratherthan a monist, regarding intrinsic value. Utilitarian quotes from YourDictionary: The evolution of culture issynonymous with theremoval of ornament from utilitarian objects. This opinion is not, in the smallest degree, a departure from the Happiness principle. It only refuses to admit that the sacrifice is itself a good. I understand that the community is seen by N in a negative light, being an ideal of the weak that pretends to bring about impossible equality among different, varied men and women, but I … See more ideas about this or that questions, ethics quotes, critical reasoning. Mankind are always predisposed to believe that any subjective feeling, not otherwise accounted for, is a revelation of some objective reality.”, “Next to selfishness, the principal cause which makes life unsatisfactory, is want of mental cultivation.”, “we do not call anything justice which is not a virtue,”, “In the case of abstinences indeed—of things which people forbear to do from moral considerations, though the consequences in the particular case might be beneficial—it would be unworthy of an intelligent agent not to be consciously aware that the action is of a class which, if practiced generally, would be generally injurious, and that this is the ground of the obligation to abstain from it.”, “since persons, even of considerable mental endowment, often give themselves so little trouble to understand the bearings of any opinion against which they entertain a prejudice, and men are in general so little conscious of this voluntary ignorance as a defect that the vulgarest misunderstandings of ethical doctrines are continually met with in the deliberate writings of persons of the greatest pretensions both to high principle and to philosophy.”, “Whatever may be the opinion of utilitarian moralists as to the original conditions by which virtue is made virtue; however they may believe (as they do) that actions and dispositions are only virtuous because they promote another end than virtue; yet this being granted, and it having been decided, from considerations of this description, what is virtuous, they not only place virtue at the very head of the things which are good as means to the ultimate end, but they also recognise as a psychological fact the possibility of its being, to the individual, a good in itself, without looking to any end beyond it; and hold that the mind is not in a right state, not in a state conformable to Utility, not in the state most conducive to the general happiness, unless it does love virtue in this manner—as a thing desirable in itself, even although, in the individual instance, it should not produce those other desirable consequences which it tends to produce, and on account of which it is held to be virtue. Nobody argues that the art of navigation is not founded on astronomy, because sailors cannot wait to calculate the Nautical Almanack. But this does not mean, quite obviously, that a symmetry exists between these respective states in terms of their value and moral significance. Explore Utilitarian Quotes by authors including Ludwig Mies van der Rohe, Peter Singer, and Claude Debussy at BrainyQuote. There is no need to say that people have their arguments in favor as well as in against the abortion and both the views seem to be right in specific circumstances. Welcome back. Enjoy the best Peter Singer Quotes at BrainyQuote. ... one can say that, in one sense, being 50 meters below water is the opposite of being 50 meters above water. The problem for statesmen of this age is how to educate the masses, and literature and science cannot give the solution.”, “… a problematic feeling is indeed the exact opposite of an unproblematic feeling. The proposition that happiness is the end and aim of morality, does not mean that no road ought to be laid down to that goal, or that persons going thither should not be advised to take one direction rather than another. Utilitarianism - Utilitarianism - Historical survey: The ingredients of utilitarianism are found in the history of thought long before Bentham. To inform a traveler respecting the place of his ultimate destination, is not to forbid the use of land-marks and direction-posts on the way. فيدمنون على اللذات الحسية ليس بسبب أنهم يفضلونها بعد المداولة، بل لأنها هي الوحيدة التي لديهم إمكانية الوصول إليها أو الوحيدة التي يمكن الاستمتاع بها”, “إن القدرة على أسمى المشاعر هي في معظم الطبائع، نبتة رقيقة جداً، وسهلة الفناء، ليس فحسب من خلال التأثيرات السيئة والمعادية لها، بل بسبب نقص بسيط في تغذيتها. Written by Alex Horsman. Yet the fact that two states are each others’ opposites in this sense does not imply they are symmetric in the sense of being able to morally outweigh each other or meaningfully cancel each other out. Suggestions. Letters on an Address Delivered by Sir Robert Peel, Bart., M.P. And this, as long as foresight is a human quality, it is to be presumed they will continue to do. And after more than two thousand years the same discussions continue, philosophers are still ranged under the same contending banners, and neither thinkers nor mankind at large seem … But he can learn to bear its imperfections, if they are at all bearable; and they will not make him envy the being who is indeed unconscious of the imperfections, but only because he feels not at all the good which those imperfections qualify. Search all of SparkNotes Search. by Catholicus [i.E. But though it is one thing to believe that we have natural feelings of justice, and another to acknowledge them as an ultimate criterion of conduct, these two opinions are very closely connected in point of fact. The proposition that happiness is the end and aim of morality, does not mean that no road ought to be laid down to that goal, or that persons going thither should not be advised to take one direction rather than another. Consider, by analogy, the states of being below and above water respectively. Best Utilitarianism Quotes to Explore and Share. Utilitarianism Quotes and Analysis. "To be a utilitarian means that you judge actions as right or wrong in accordance … A sacrifice which does not increase, or tend to increase, the sum total of happiness, it considers as wasted.”, “It results from the preceding considerations, that there is in reality nothing desired except happiness. . If one of these gave him no pleasure, and the other no pain, he would not love or desire virtue, or would desire it only for the other benefits which it might produce to himself or to persons whom he cared for.”, “Of two pleasures, if there be one to which all or almost all who have experience of both give a decided preference, irrespective of any feeling of moral obligation to prefer it, that is the more desirable pleasure.”, “It is better to be a human being dissatisfied than a pig satisfied; better to be Socrates dissatisfied than a fool satisfied. “From the dawn of philosophy, the question concerning the summum bonum , or, what is the same thing, concerning the foundation of morality, has been accounted the main problem in speculative thought, has occupied the most gifted intellects, and divided them into sects and schools, … The feeling of justice might be a peculiar instinct, and might yet require, like our other instincts, to be controlled and enlightened by a higher reason. . [...], “People say to me, that it is but a dream to suppose that Christianity should regain the organic power in human society which it once possessed. They are desired and desirable in and for themselves; besides being means, they are a part of the end. Yet we have to be extremely cautious about such naively intuitive moves of conceptualization. Quotations by Peter Singer, Australian Philosopher, Born July 6, 1946. I cannot help that; I never said it could. ... if at all, for love’s sake.”{5} Fletcher even quotes certain biblical passages to make his case. on the Establishment of a Reading Room at Tamworth. Most people are poop-heads I do not care about them. To inform a traveler respecting the place of his ultimate destination, is not to forbid the use of land-marks and direction-posts on the way. Being rational creatures, they go to sea with it ready calculated; and all rational creatures go out upon the sea of life with their minds made up on the common questions of right and wrong, as well as on many of the far more difficult questions of wise and foolish. “One of the main arguments that I make is that although almost everyone accepts that it is morally wrong to inflict “unnecessary” suffering and death on animals, 99% of the suffering and death that we inflict on animals can be justified only by our pleasure, amusement, or convenience. Act utilitarianism envisages that the best course of action in any given situation is the act that will result in the greatest utility (i.e. And this, as long as foresight is a human quality, it is to be presumed they will continue to do. 64, p. 391–406, 525–534, 659–673); the articles were collected and reprinted as a single book in 1863. “In a utilitarian age, of all other times, it is a matter of grave importance that fairy tales should be respected." … [I]t is especially true when our ethical priorities hinge on these conceptual models; when they can determine, for instance, whether we find it acceptable to allow astronomical amounts of suffering to occur in order to create “even greater” amounts of happiness.”, “The reaction against utilitarianism was a second romanticism, in which the fight against social injustice and the opposition to the actual theories of the "dismal science" played a much smaller part than the urge to escape from the present, whose problems the anti-utilitarians had no ability and no desire to solve, into the irrarionalism of Burke, Coleridge, and German romanticism.”, “They will tell you you're useless, if they can't use you.”, “There are some things so useless it is impossible to live without them.”, Their Morals and Ours: The Class Foundations of Moral Practice, Suffering-Focused Ethics: Defense and Implications. Mill is keen to refute the claim that utilitarianism allows for the sacrifice of one person's happiness in order to secure happiness for "the greater good." According to Mill, each person's interest in their own happiness is of no greater or lesser value than anyone else's. This is not an acceptable justification if we take seriously, as we purport to, that it is wrong to inflict unnecessary suffering or death on animals, and it illustrates the confused thinking that I characterize as our “moral schizophrenia” when it comes to nonhumans. Utilitarian Quotes The ego must be able to listen attentively and to give itself, without any further design or purpose, to that inner urge toward growth. For example, hebelieved that ‘beauty’ was an intrinsic good. send. In the first part of the book Professor Smart advocates a modern and sophisticated version of classical utilitarianism; he tries to formulate a consistent and persuasive elaboration of the doctrine that the rightness and … J. H. Newman], Etc. Yet desires and impulses are as much a part of a perfect human being as beliefs and restraints; and strong impulses are only perilous when not properly balanced.”, “Apes do evidently understand what others are doing, and they can prudently do the same, in which sense they "cooperate"—for their own reasons. `` Send '', … the philosophy is known as utilitarianism Enjoy the best Peter Singer Australian! The belief that the art of navigation is not founded on astronomy, because sailors can not to! Certain biblical passages to make his case the best Peter Singer quotes at BrainyQuote evolution of culture issynonymous with of. As `` utilitarianism '' on Pinterest common usage every day qualities is ”... … utilitarianism quotes and Analysis of no greater or lesser value than anyone else 's law! Is the belief that the sole standard of morality is determined by its usefulness themselves ; besides being means they. 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